Her debut single Yes was released under an indie record label in November 2004. In 2005, she switched labels to Sony Music Entertainment Japan and released Hanabi made Ato Sukoshi (花火まであとすこし - unofficial translation: “A Little Longer Until the Fireworks”) in July. Her third single, Sakasama no Chō (逆さまの蝶 - unofficial translation: “The Inverted Butterfly”), was released on January 25, 2006. Sakasama no Chō was the opening theme of the 2005/2006 anime Jigoku Shoujo (地獄少女), and will be inserted into the movie Humoresque ~Sakasama no Chō~, to be released in February 2006. The opening theme for Jigoku Shōjo’s second season, NightmaRe, was also performed by SNoW, and was released as a single on December 6, 2006.

Albums

初雪(Hatsuyuki) - January 23, 2007

External links

Official websites in Japanese:

• SNoW Official Site
• SNoW - www.sonymusic.co.jp
• Humoresque

History

The Snow Foundation is a response to the long association the Snow family has had with the Canberra region, dating back to 1926 when E.R. Snow, the founders’ grandfather, came to Canberra to establish the Capital’s first general store.

The Foundation is the creation of brothers Terry and George Snow who set it up in 1990 with the aim of helping those individuals and organisations that freely gave their time to help the less fortunate live fulfilling lives.Starting with an initial contribution of $1 million, the Foundation has provided financial help to a diverse range of organisations throughout Canberra and the surrounding region.

In 1997 Terry added a further $500,000 to the Foundation, and in 2005 added a further $1 million to enable it to maintain and set up further activities. Since then, he has given substantive donations to the Foundation, meaning the capital value of the Foundation exceeded $3 million in 1997.

In the 15 years since it was established, The Snow Foundation has reached out to help more than 80 different organisations and individuals. The Foundation does not give ‘blanket’ donations but help with the funding of a specific program/treatment/equipment.

This package may contain one or more of the following enhancements

• Harder suspension bushings
• Enhanced shock absorber, which will usually have stiffer valving which may be locally or remotely adjustable
• Stiffer front anti-roll bar
• Rear anti-roll bar
• Special wheels and tires, typically with lightweight wheels of increased diameter and low profile tires offering greater resistance to side forces

Technique

The creation of the snow angel is a simple process. The first step is to find an undisturbed plane of snow. The next step is to lie supine, spread-eagled in the center of the snow. The limbs are then swept back and forth, creating a trough through the snow. When it is finished, the snow angel should have the appearance of an angel, the movement of the arms having formed wings, and that of the legs having formed a gown.

Current world record

On March 28, 2007, Guinness World Records confirmed that North Dakota holds the world record for the most snow angels made simultaneously in one place. The record breaking event occurred February 17, 2007 when 8,962 snow angels were created by people waving their arms while lying in the snow covering the state Capitol grounds in Bismarck.Bismarck world record information

Previously, the record was held by Michigan Tech University with 3,784 students, locals, and alumni making snow angels on the school football field.Michigan Tech world record information

• Snow Country (雪国, Yukiguni), a novel by Kawabata Yasunari
• Snow Country Tales (Hokuetsu Seppu), by Suzuki Bokushi
• Snow country (Japan) (豪雪地帯, heavy snowfall zone) - a region
• Big snow country, a part of Michigan

Snow fences are also used in avalanche control.

A typical style of temporary snow fence seen in North America today is often one of two varieties: orange plastic attached to stakes at regular intervals or a cedar or other lightweight woodstrip and wire fence, also attached to metal stakes. A permanent snow fence is generally of larger wooden poles set deeply into the ground with large wooden planks running vertically across them. A permanent snow fence is built when a roadway is subject to predictable snow and wind patterns each winter, usually in mountain passes.

The drifting of snow behind a fence follows the laws of physics as the pressure on the downwind side is less than that on the windward side, allowing light materials such as snow or leaves to settle there.

Campbell, E. (March 1975). Snowdrift Structures. Avalanche Protection in Switzerland (pp. 103-116). Fort Collins CO: General Technical Report RM-9, USDA-Forest Service.

Mears, A.I. (1992). Avalanche Structural Protection in: Snow - Avalanche Hazard Analysis for Land - Use Planning and Engineering. Denver CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, Bulletin 49.

Classic vehicles have usually been optioned with wide whitewalls - it was popular during the pre and post-war era, only to resurface in the 1970s as a limousine trademark and within the pimpmobile culture. Although wide whitewalls are rare on modern automobiles, they are still manufactured by specialty outlets and/or classic car restoration companies such as Diamond Back Classics, Coker Tire and Vogue Tyre Company. Some companies manufacture wide whitewall inserts - the Portawall inserts are usually sold through VW Beetle restoration companies. (Port-A-Walls should not be used with radial tires due to the flexing of the sidewall that creates friction and rubbing between the port-a-wall and the tire )

Wide Whitewalls were popular on classic cars produced 1961 and earlier, lowrider and Cadillacs. Beginning with the 1962 Chevrolet Impala SS the whitewalls were reduced to 1″ wide with black between the rim and the whitewall. Modern trends toward more minimal styling, and large rims favoring low-profile tires leave little room for a whitewall. With the introduction of the new “retro”-styled Ford Thunderbird, Chrysler PT Cruiser, and Chevrolet HHR, wide whitewalls are again becoming popular. They are also an avalibale factory option on the Lincoln Town Car.

Gallery

Other cars with whitewall tires:

The 1976 Winter Paralympic Games were the first winter Paralympics. They were held in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden. The disabilities included in this paralympics were blindness and amputees. Fourteen countries took part with 250+ athletes.

Snow fences are also used in avalanche control.

A typical style of temporary snow fence seen in North America today is often one of two varieties: orange plastic attached to stakes at regular intervals or a cedar or other lightweight woodstrip and wire fence, also attached to metal stakes. A permanent snow fence is generally of larger wooden poles set deeply into the ground with large wooden planks running vertically across them. A permanent snow fence is built when a roadway is subject to predictable snow and wind patterns each winter, usually in mountain passes.

The drifting of snow behind a fence follows the laws of physics as the pressure on the downwind side is less than that on the windward side, allowing light materials such as snow or leaves to settle there.

Campbell, E. (March 1975). Snowdrift Structures. Avalanche Protection in Switzerland (pp. 103-116). Fort Collins CO: General Technical Report RM-9, USDA-Forest Service.

Mears, A.I. (1992). Avalanche Structural Protection in: Snow - Avalanche Hazard Analysis for Land - Use Planning and Engineering. Denver CO: Colorado Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, Bulletin 49.

The interplay of altitude and latitude affect the precise placement of the snow line at a particular location. At or near the equator, it is typically situated at approximately 4,500 meters (or about 15,000 feet) above sea level. As one moves towards the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, the parameter at first increases: in the Himalayas the permanent snow line can be as high as 5,700 metres (18,700 feet). Beyond the Tropics the snow line becomes progressively lower as the latitude increases, falling all the way to sea level itself near the poles.

In addition, the relative location of a mountain to the nearest coastline can be a factor in how high the snow line would be; a peak near a coast — especially the west coast — of a continent might have a lower snow line than one of the same height and at the same latitude situated in a landmass interior, because the average summer temperature of the surrounding lowlands would be warmer in the latter spot than in the former, thus making a higher altitude necessary to keep the snow from melting in the summer.

• A winter garden, winter-hardy plants grown to decorate in the winter or be harvested between winter and early spring

Landmarks

• Renaissance Center Wintergarden in Detroit, Michigan
• Winter Garden Atrium, a large public atrium in the World Financial Center in New York City
• Winter Garden (Helsinki), a botanical garden in Helsinki, Finland
• Winter Garden Theatre (disambiguation)

Places

• Winter Garden, Florida, USA, a city located west of Orlando
• Winter Garden Region, an agricultural region in South Texas, United States

Other uses

• Winter Garden (book), by Beryl Bainbridge
• Di Gi Charat - Winter Garden, a Di Gi Charat spin-off

History

The Snow Foundation is a response to the long association the Snow family has had with the Canberra region, dating back to 1926 when E.R. Snow, the founders’ grandfather, came to Canberra to establish the Capital’s first general store.

The Foundation is the creation of brothers Terry and George Snow who set it up in 1990 with the aim of helping those individuals and organisations that freely gave their time to help the less fortunate live fulfilling lives.Starting with an initial contribution of $1 million, the Foundation has provided financial help to a diverse range of organisations throughout Canberra and the surrounding region.

In 1997 Terry added a further $500,000 to the Foundation, and in 2005 added a further $1 million to enable it to maintain and set up further activities. Since then, he has given substantive donations to the Foundation, meaning the capital value of the Foundation exceeded $3 million in 1997.

In the 15 years since it was established, The Snow Foundation has reached out to help more than 80 different organisations and individuals. The Foundation does not give ‘blanket’ donations but help with the funding of a specific program/treatment/equipment.

• Birmingham Snow Hill station
• Snow Hill tunnel and the former Snow Hill station in central London
• Snow Hill police station in central London
• Snow Hill, Antarctica, where the Swedish Antarctic Expedition explorers over-wintered in 1902.
• Snow Hill, Maryland
• Snow Hill, North Carolina

Tires provide for steering, traction, braking, and load support by transmitting forces between the vehicle and the road. Lateral Force Variation (LFV) is a property of a tire that characterizes its dynamic behavior of these forces. High values of LFV for a given tire reflect a high level of manufacturing variations in the tire structure that will impart ride disturbances into the vehicle in the lateral, or steering, direction. LFV is measured according to processes specified by the ASTM International in ASTM F1806 – Standard Practice for Tire Testing.

LFV can best be explained by example. Assume a perfectly uniform tire mounted on a perfectly round wheel loaded with a constant force against a perfectly round test wheel. As the wheel turns, it turns the tire, and the tire carcass undergoes repeated deformation and recovery as it enters and exits the contact area. If we measure the lateral force between the tire and the wheel we will see zero change as the tire turns. If we now test a typical production tire we will see the lateral force vary as the tire turns.

Consider a good tire with LFV of 4 pounds. This tire will induce a 4 pound force sideways into the vehicle every rotation. The frequency of the force will increase in direct proportion to rotating speed. This affect will influence the steering of the vehicle. Tire makers test tires at the point of manufacture to verify that the RFV is within allowable quality limits. Tires that exceed these limits may be scrapped or sold to markets that do not require stringent quality.

Waveform Analysis

LFV is a complex waveform. It is expressed using several standard methods, including peak-to-peak, first harmonic, second harmonic, and higher-order harmonics. In production LFV testing these are reported as both magnitudes and angles.

A chicken strip is a sometimes derogatory term used to describe the width of unused tread on the edges of motorcycle tires, typically a sport bike.

A turning motorcycle must lean into the turn. The faster it is going or the sharper the turn, the farther the motorcycle must lean over. For a formula relating speed, turn radius, and lean angle, see Bicycle and motorcycle physics. As the motorcycle leans, the tires’ contact patches move farther to the side causing wear. The chicken strip is the amount of unworn tread caused by a motorcyclist being considered too chicken to go faster through a turn and thereby lean the motorcycle farther over.

This is frequently used as a derogatory term deriving from the term chicken. Hence, chicken strips mark an inexperienced motorcyclist who is afraid to lean a motorcycle far enough to wear the edges of the tire. It should be noted however that due to the handling capabilities of many modern motorcycles, and the vagaries of road condition, it is not advisable to exploit outer handling limits on public roads. On a closed race circuit, however, a rider is expected to use the edges of the tires on turns in order to stay competitive.

Snow Bride is the dam of the champion colt Lammtarra, foaled in 1992.

In 1984, the Summer Olympics added a men’s 1500 meter wheelchair race as an exhibition event. Snow went into heavy training, relocating to Houston, Texas, to train on the same track as Carl Lewis. This was the first Paralympic event to appear before a large audience, and the public were unsure of their feelings for wheelchair-bound athletes. Snow received a silver medal, and the crowd gave the athletes a standing ovation at the end of the exhibition.

Snow went on to win gold medals in the 1992 Paralympics in Barcelona for singles and doubles tennis (the only man in Olympic history to accomplish this), and in Atlanta1996 was a member of the bronze medal-winning wheelchair basketball team.

He was inducted into the United States Olympic Hall of Fame on July 1 2004.

By design, the weight on the front and rear axles differs which causes uneven wear. With the majority of cars being front-engine cars, the front axle typically has more of the weight. For rear wheel drive vehicles, the weight distribution between front and back approaches 50:50. Front wheel drive vehicles also have the
differential in front, adding to the weight with a typical weight distribution of no better than 60:40. This means, all else being equal, the front tires wear out at almost twice the rate of the rear wheels, especially when factoring the additional stress that braking puts on the front tires. Thus, tire rotation needs to occur more frequently for front-wheel drive vehicles.

Turning the vehicle will cause uneven tire wear. The outside, front tire is worn disproportionately. Cloverleaf interchanges and parking ramps turn right in right hand drive countries, causing the left front tire to be worn faster than the right front. Furthermore, right turns are tighter than left turns, also causing more tire wear. Conversely the sidewalls on the right tire tends to be bumped and rubbed against the curb while parking the vehicle, causing asymmetric sidewall wear. The symmetric opposite occurs in countries that drive on the left.

In addition, mechanical problems in the vehicle may cause uneven tire wear. The wheels need to be aligned with each other and the vehicle. The wheel that is out of alignment will tend to be dragged along by the other wheels, causing uneven wear in that tire. If the alignment is such that the vehicle tends to turn, the driver will correct by steering against the tendency. In effect the vehicle is constantly turning, causing uneven tire wear. Also, if a tire is under or over-inflated, it will wear differently than the other tires on the vehicle. Rotating will not help in this case and the inflation needs to be corrected.

Manufacturers will recommend tire rotation frequency and pattern. Depending on the specifics of the vehicle tire rotation may be recommended every 12,000 km (7,500 mi). The rotation pattern is typically moving the back wheels to the front and the front to the back but crossing them when moving to the back. If the tires are unidirectional, the rotation can only be rotated front to back on the same side of the vehicle to preserve the rotational direction of the tires. Most unidirectional tires can be moved from side to side if they are remounted; tires with asymmetric rims are a rare exception. More complex rotation patterns are required if the vehicle has a full-size spare tire that is part of the rotation or if there are snow tires.

Current thinking stresses the desirability of keeping the best tires on the rear wheels of the vehicle, whether it is front or rear drive. The reason for this is that if the rear wheels lose grip before the front ones, an oversteer condition will occur, which is harder to control than the corresponding understeer which will happen if a front wheel is lost. This is also the case if a tire blows out, so the intuitive belief that the front steering/driving tires need to be the best quality is not actually the case.

In rare cases, automobile manufacturers may recommend performing no tire rotation at all (eg BMW MINI).

History

The company was founded in 1962, when it split from OK Tires. In 1996, it was acquired by TBC Corporation, which also owns Tire Kingdom, NTB, and Merchant Tire.”TBC to Buy Outstanding Shares of Big O Tires” The New York Times. 1996-05-03. URL retrieved 2006-12-02 In 2006, TBC was acquired by Sumitomo Corporation of America”Sumitomo Corporation of America Completes Acquisition of TBC Corporation”. Business Wire. 2005-11-17. URL retrieved 2006-12-02.. Big O Tires remains a wholly owned subsidiary of TBC Corporation.

In a landmark case in 1977, Big O Tires was awarded $19.6 million from Goodyear over Goodyear’s use of the name “bigfoot” tires. The amount equaled 25% of Goodyear’s advertising budget in the states where Big O operated. The amount was cut on appeal and later settled.Doan, Amy. “Xbox Name May Cost Microsoft”. Forbes. 2001-02-05. URL last retrieved 2006-12-02.

References

In the special, Snow Miser controlled cold weather all over Earth; his archnemesis is his half-brother, Heat Miser. Mother Nature was Snow Miser’s (and Heat Miser’s) mother.

Snow Miser was a giant humanoid creature, with the supernatural power to freeze objects at will. Snow Miser lived in a large ice castle, and was attended to by a host of miniature versions of himself. He defended his domain fiercely, yet unlike Heat Miser, was a gregarious, friendly, jocular sort, given to gales of laughter and bad puns about snow and cold weather.

Both Snow and Heat Miser sing a memorable ragtime style song introducing themselves.

In the 2006 NBC live-action remake, he is played by actor Michael McKean.

Collectibles

Action figures based on The Year Without a Santa Claus were produced by Palisades Toys in 2002 and included the Snow Miser, the Heat Miser and their tiny clone-like assistants. The figures are scheduled to be re-released by NECA in late 2006.

Trivia

In the movie Batman and Robin, Mr. Freeze (played by Arnold Schwarzenegger) tries to get his henchmen to learn the Snow Miser’s song. A clip from The Year Without a Santa Claus is shown.

Tires provide for steering, traction, braking, and load support by transmitting forces between the vehicle and the road. Lateral Force Variation (LFV) is a property of a tire that characterizes its dynamic behavior of these forces. High values of LFV for a given tire reflect a high level of manufacturing variations in the tire structure that will impart ride disturbances into the vehicle in the lateral, or steering, direction. LFV is measured according to processes specified by the ASTM International in ASTM F1806 – Standard Practice for Tire Testing.

LFV can best be explained by example. Assume a perfectly uniform tire mounted on a perfectly round wheel loaded with a constant force against a perfectly round test wheel. As the wheel turns, it turns the tire, and the tire carcass undergoes repeated deformation and recovery as it enters and exits the contact area. If we measure the lateral force between the tire and the wheel we will see zero change as the tire turns. If we now test a typical production tire we will see the lateral force vary as the tire turns.

Consider a good tire with LFV of 4 pounds. This tire will induce a 4 pound force sideways into the vehicle every rotation. The frequency of the force will increase in direct proportion to rotating speed. This affect will influence the steering of the vehicle. Tire makers test tires at the point of manufacture to verify that the RFV is within allowable quality limits. Tires that exceed these limits may be scrapped or sold to markets that do not require stringent quality.

Waveform Analysis

LFV is a complex waveform. It is expressed using several standard methods, including peak-to-peak, first harmonic, second harmonic, and higher-order harmonics. In production LFV testing these are reported as both magnitudes and angles.